"Hayk's Arrow" Armenian Strategic Center
A source-based profile of defence spending, procurement, forces, industry and partnerships. Open a section for short dated records, evidence and implementation status.
Annual military personnel in thousands, as published in NATO statistical releases. Historical editions use annual strength or annual-average strength; the 2026 edition defines peacetime strength excluding trained reserves at high readiness. These are personnel, not all civilian ministry employees, reservists or an estimate of military capability. Sources and vintage are preserved for each year.
Historical NATO releases; definitions and revisions differ. 2025–2026 are estimates. See the 2003 definition break and 2023–2024 revisions in the sources.
Reported annual turnover of the defence and aerospace sector, including civil aerospace.
Published headline totals, including civil aerospace. Survey coverage and consolidation change between years; not a uniform growth series.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | $15.07 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2023 sector performance report · PDF p.4 · p. 4Notes and conversionThe detailed turnover section describes its headline total as actual turnover with domestic intercompany duplication removed. Earlier headline totals use different consolidation conventions. |
| 2022 | $12.19 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2022 sector performance report · PDF p.5 · p. 5 |
| 2021 | $10.15 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2021 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2020 | $8.85 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2020 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2019 | $10.88 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2020 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7Notes and conversionHeadline turnover is USD10,884m; the report also gives USD9,366m after eliminating intercompany transactions. Historical totals are not fully harmonised. |
| 2018 | $8.76 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2018 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3Notes and conversionThe 2018 report includesTHY Teknik, a material addition, and military factories. Military-establishment estimates already appeared in the 2015 report. Changed coverage means the jump is not wholly organic growth. Headline turnover is USD8,761m; the report also gives USD7,894m after eliminating intercompany transactions. The headline is retained here. |
| 2017 | $6.69 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2017 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2016 | $5.96 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2016 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2015 | $4.9 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2015 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3Notes and conversionThe 2015 survey includes estimation components for military establishments: employment was estimated and their turnover was carried forward atUSD 650 m. Reported aggregate, not an independently audited census. |
| 2014 | $5.1 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2014 sector performance report · PDF p.2 · p. 2 |
| 2013 | $5.07 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2013 sector performance report · PDF p.6 · p. 6 |
| 2012 | $4.75 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2011 | $4.4 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical turnover table, PDF p.4 · p. 4Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2010 | $4.17 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical turnover table, PDF p.4 · p. 4Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2009 | $3.06 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical turnover table, PDF p.4 · p. 4Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2008 | $3.11 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical turnover table, PDF p.4 · p. 4Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2007 | $3.02 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical turnover table, PDF p.4 · p. 4Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
Defence-and-aerospace company turnover compiled by SSB/YETEN, in nominal currentUSD. Kept separate from the SASAD-published historical series because like-for-like coverage across releases is not established. Includes civil aerospace; not military-only revenue.
SSB compilation; separate from SASAD.2025 turnover was not established in the reviewed report.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $20.23 Bn | Reported · SSB 2025 activity report · printed p.26 / PDF p.33, Table 6 · p. 33 |
SASAD overseas-sales revenue, including foreign-currency-earning services and civil aerospace. This survey measure is separate from the SSB export compilation and the earlier merchandise-export series.
SASAD survey, including civil aerospace.2018 addsTHY Teknik to coverage; survey populations change over time. Current nominalUSD.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | $5.54 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2023 sector performance report · PDF p.4 · p. 4Notes and conversionUses the report overview:USD 5,545,622,000. One body paragraph instead printsUSD 5,545,522,000; theUSD 100,000 internal discrepancy is preserved here. |
| 2022 | $4.39 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2022 sector performance report · PDF p.5 · p. 5 |
| 2021 | $3.22 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2021 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2020 | $2.26 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2020 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2019 | $3.06 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2020 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2018 | $2.18 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2018 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3Notes and conversionThe 2018 report includesTHY Teknik, a material addition, and military factories. Military-establishment estimates already appeared in the 2015 report. Changed coverage means the jump is not wholly organic growth. |
| 2017 | $1.82 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2017 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2016 | $1.95 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2016 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2015 | $1.92 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2015 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2014 | $1.85 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2014 sector performance report · PDF p.2 · p. 2 |
| 2013 | $1.56 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2013 sector performance report · PDF p.6 · p. 6 |
SSB defence-and-aerospace export performance measure. The 2025 foreword explicitly includes defence-industry service exports. Separate from SASAD overseas sales and earlier merchandise exports; no like-for-like growth calculation across these definitions.
SSB export measure, including services in 2025; not the SASAD overseas-sales survey.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $10.05 Bn | Reported · SSB 2025 activity report · printed p.26 / PDF p.33, Table 6 · p. 33 |
| 2024 | $7.15 Bn | Reported · SSB 2025 activity report · printed p.26 / PDF p.33, Table 6 · p. 33 |
Industry-reported product and technology-development expenditure, including own-funded and supported projects.
SASAD survey, including civil aerospace.2018 addsTHY Teknik to coverage; survey populations change over time. Current nominalUSD.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | $2.62 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2023 sector performance report · PDF p.4 · p. 4 |
| 2022 | $2.06 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2022 sector performance report · PDF p.5 · p. 5 |
| 2021 | $1.63 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2021 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2020 | $1.24 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2020 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2019 | $1.67 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2020 sector performance report · PDF p.7 · p. 7 |
| 2018 | $1.44 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2018 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3Notes and conversionThe 2018 report includesTHY Teknik, a material addition, and military factories. Military-establishment estimates already appeared in the 2015 report. Changed coverage means the jump is not wholly organic growth. |
| 2017 | $1.23 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2017 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2016 | $1.25 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2016 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2015 | $904 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2015 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2014 | $887 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2014 sector performance report · PDF p.2 · p. 2 |
| 2013 | $926 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2013 sector performance report · PDF p.6 · p. 6Notes and conversionMain overview: USD 926 m; detailed section: USD 927 m. The chart follows the overview, also repeated in the next report. |
| 2012 | $772.75 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2011 | $672 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical R&D table, PDF p.10 · p. 10Notes and conversionRounded historical research-and-development expenditure. |
| 2010 | $666 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical R&D table, PDF p.10 · p. 10Notes and conversionRounded historical research-and-development expenditure. |
| 2009 | $505 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical R&D table, PDF p.10 · p. 10Notes and conversionRounded historical research-and-development expenditure. |
| 2008 | $509 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical R&D table, PDF p.10 · p. 10Notes and conversionRounded historical research-and-development expenditure. |
| 2007 | $367 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 performance report · historical R&D table, PDF p.10 · p. 10Notes and conversionRounded historical research-and-development expenditure. |
Employment reported by the defence-and-aerospace industry survey; not armed-forces personnel.
Industry survey employment, including civil aerospace; not armed-forces strength. Survey coverage changes, includingTHY Teknik in 2018.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 90,969 | Reported · SASAD 2023 sector performance report · PDF p.4 · p. 4 |
| 2022 | 81,132 | Reported · SASAD 2022 sector performance report · PDF p.4 · p. 4 |
| 2021 | 75,660 | Reported · SASAD 2021 sector performance report · PDF p.6 · p. 6 |
| 2020 | 77,566 | Reported · SASAD 2020 sector performance report · PDF p.6 · p. 6 |
| 2019 | 73,771 | Reported · SASAD 2019 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2018 | 67,239 | Reported · SASAD 2018 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3Notes and conversionThe 2018 report includesTHY Teknik, a material addition, and military factories. Military-establishment estimates already appeared in the 2015 report. Changed coverage means the jump is not wholly organic growth. |
| 2017 | 44,740 | Reported · SASAD 2017 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2016 | 35,502 | Reported · SASAD 2016 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
| 2015 | 31,375 | Reported · SASAD 2015 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3Notes and conversionThe 2015 survey includes estimation components for military establishments: employment was estimated and their turnover was carried forward atUSD 650 m. Reported aggregate, not an independently audited census. |
| 2014 | 31,242 | Reported · SASAD 2014 sector performance report · PDF p.2 · p. 2 |
| 2013 | 32,368 | Reported · SASAD 2013 sector performance report · PDF p.6 · p. 6 |
| 2012 | 33,491 | Reported · SASAD 2012 sector performance report · PDF p.3 · p. 3 |
Earlier export measure reported by SASAD from exporters-association data; kept separate from broader overseas sales.
Merchandise-export measure reported in 2012, nominalUSD. Kept separate from the broader overseas-sales measure introduced in 2013.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2012 | $1.26 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 report · export table, PDF p.6 · p. 6 |
| 2011 | $1.1 Bn | Reported · SASAD 2012 report · export table, PDF p.6 · p. 6Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2010 | $853 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 report · export table, PDF p.6 · p. 6Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2009 | $832 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 report · export table, PDF p.6 · p. 6Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2008 | $784 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 report · export table, PDF p.6 · p. 6Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
| 2007 | $615 Mn | Reported · SASAD 2012 report · export table, PDF p.6 · p. 6Notes and conversionRounded historical value in the 2012 SASAD report; coverage may differ from later compilations. |
153 development records · 77 annual statistical points
Estonia’s defence forces reported that a Turkish F-16 detachment took over the NATO Baltic air mission at Ämari from Portugal.
The 31 July source records the handover ceremony and says the mission’s air-defence designation takes effect on 1 August. This does not establish aircraft numbers beyond those expressly disclosed by the host.
Baykar reports internal-bay firing tests on 25 and 28 July.
Date marks the later reported test. Manufacturer testing does not establish operational service acceptance.
· Published
NATO lists Türkiye among participants in generic 155mm ammunition and ground precision-strike development initiatives.
The Ankara announcement concerns collaborative development and prototyping; it does not establish serial production or delivery.
Leonardo reported crewed–uncrewed flight trials involving M-346 aircraft and KIZILELMA at Baykar’s Çorlu test centre.
The release is dated 22 June 2026 and says the trials took place in May. A precise May day is not disclosed. This is manufacturer-reported testing, not operational deployment.
The UK reports a contract to train 10 Turkish pilots and nearly 100 ground technicians.
This is a support-contract milestone under the October 2025 aircraft deal, not confirmation that aircraft were delivered.
Turkish land and naval forces participated in NATO’s Steadfast Dart-2026 in Germany; the ministry reported completion and the return of land units.
The published exercise period was 8–25 February. Completion was reported on 26 February; that day’s notice distinguishes returning land units from naval forces continuing to subsequent exercises.
· Published
Airbus announced Spain’s selection of its integrated combat-training system with Turkish Aerospace, including 30 HÜRJET aircraft.
The contract concerns aircraft, conversion and training infrastructure. It is a contracted Spanish programme, not delivery of 30 operational trainers. No value in an unconverted currency is presented.
The parliamentary record gives $13.07 Bn for the Ministry of National Defence in 2024.
The original figure is TRY 428,981.489114 million. This is the ministry account, not all defence and security spending. The date is the parliamentary discussion and approval of the budget or final account.
Original-source amount: The parliamentary record gives 428,981.489 TRY million for the Ministry of National Defence in 2024.
US$13,076.4 million. Original-source amount: 428,981.5 TRY million. Annual average (2024-01-01–2024-12-31): 32.805861 TRY / USD.
The parliamentary record gives $17.83 Bn for the Ministry of National Defence in 2026. USD conversion uses the provisional 2026 YTD average.
The original figure is TRY 822,930.177000 million. This is the ministry account, not all defence and security spending. The date is the parliamentary discussion and approval of the budget or final account.
Original-source amount: The parliamentary record gives 822,930.177 TRY million for the Ministry of National Defence in 2026.
US$17,837.2 million. Original-source amount: 822,930.2 TRY million. Year-to-date average · provisional (2026-01-02–2026-10-30): 46.135609 TRY / USD.
Türkiye’s defence minister attended the opening of BMC’s tank and armoured-vehicle production facility and the first delivery ceremony for the new ALTAY tank.
The ministry dates the ceremony to 28 October. The cited announcement establishes first delivery and serial-production launch but is not used here to infer an unverified tank quantity or fleet-wide readiness.
The UK government announced a signed agreement for Türkiye to buy 20 new Typhoon aircraft.
The announcement schedules the first delivery for 2030. This record therefore remains a contract milestone, not a completed delivery or current operational capability.
ASELSAN and Türkiye’s presidency announced the groundbreaking of the Oğulbey Technology Base, expanding planned defence-electronics production capacity.
Groundbreaking and investment plans are distinct from an opened, fully productive factory. This is an industrial-site milestone separate from the same day’s Steel Dome equipment handover.
Türkiye’s presidency reported delivery of 47 vehicles and platforms associated with the Steel Dome layered air-defence programme.
The source describes components delivered at a ceremony, not 47 complete air-defence systems. It does not independently establish nationwide coverage or full operational integration of Steel Dome.
Turkish Aerospace reported handing over the fourth T625 GÖKBEY helicopter to the Gendarmerie after ground and flight testing.
The record uses the report’s publication date because the text does not separately date the handover ceremony. Four is the cumulative delivered total reported at that point, not four new units in this event.
The British and Turkish defence ministers signed a memorandum advancing cooperation towards a Typhoon aircraft agreement.
This preliminary agreement is recorded separately from the October purchase contract. It did not itself establish aircraft delivery.
Turkish Aerospace announced a production contract for 57 TS1400-powered T625 GÖKBEY helicopters for six Turkish military and security institutions.
The IDEF-2025 contract is reported in a 1 August release; only the July signing month is assigned. Planned deliveries run from 2028 to 2031. The reported total of 83 is an order book, not delivered aircraft.
· Published
Turkish Aerospace announced a definitive contract with Indonesia for 48 KAAN combat aircraft following an earlier memorandum of understanding.
The release published on 1 August places signing at IDEF-2025 in July. The month is retained without inventing a day. The aircraft are contracted exports, not completed deliveries or Indonesian operational aircraft.
· Published
Leonardo’s half-year report records the 16 June agreement establishing the equally owned LBA Systems venture with Baykar.
The industrial arrangement is reported as an equal-share venture based in Italy. It is separate from later product testing and from any sales or delivery contracts.
DSCA notified a possible sale of 53 AIM-120C-8 AMRAAM missiles and six guidance sections to Türkiye.
The congressional notification and State Department approval establish only a possible sale. The transmittal identifier 19-03 is not a 2019 event date. No signed order, delivery or operational stock is inferred.
STM announced the first export contract for KARGU with an armour-piercing warhead, with delivery planned later in 2025.
The statement does not disclose the customer or quantity. Despite export wording in the headline, its body describes a signed contract and future delivery; this is therefore classified as contracted.
Historical and current source records on ministry budgets, equipment, forces, defence industry and partnerships. Annual personnel and industrial indicators are separate from event counts. Retrospective corporate histories are identified; manufacturer reports do not independently establish operational readiness. Source definitions and population changes remain visible. Ministry budgets, SIPRI expenditure and industrial revenues have different scopes and must not be added together.
This is a curated public-source reference, not a complete inventory. Each record identifies an event or publication date, implementation stage and evidence type; the detail explains which date is known. An official report establishes what the issuer said; a contract does not establish delivery, and delivery does not establish readiness. Unknown quantities remain unknown. Records count publications or developments, not weapons, personnel or military strength.