"Hayk's Arrow" Armenian Strategic Center
Documents bilateral and multilateral defence relationships, including agreements, military assistance, exercises and training exchanges. Shows who is involved, when cooperation was recorded and what was signed, announced or reported as carried out.
Net authorised value of implemented cases and amendments financed by U.S. Foreign Military Financing (FMF). Counted in the U.S. fiscal year when the LOA, amendment or modification is implemented. This is not physical delivery, cash expenditure or Turkmenistan military expenditure. DSCA FY2024 report, published 1 July 2025: comparable retroactive FMS/FMF split for FY2020–FY2024. Explicit source zeros are retained. The −USD231 FMF observation in FY2022 is a downward case adjustment; do not round it away or label it a negative delivery. Earlier reports included BPC/FAA programmes and must not be spliced into this definition. FY2025–26 are not inferred.
Implemented FMF case values · US fiscal years. The −$231 in 2022 is a net downward adjustment, not a delivery or national expenditure. Later years are unavailable.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $0 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMF row: USD 0; U.S. FY2024 (2023-10-01–2024-09-30). |
| 2023 | $0 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMF row: USD 0; U.S. FY2023 (2022-10-01–2023-09-30). |
| 2022 | -$231 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMF row: USD -231; U.S. FY2022 (2021-10-01–2022-09-30). |
| 2021 | $2.39 Mn | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMF row: USD 2,394,982; U.S. FY2021 (2020-10-01–2021-09-30). |
| 2020 | $1.35 Mn | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMF row: USD 1,358,921; U.S. FY2020 (2019-10-01–2020-09-30). |
Net authorised value of implemented cases and amendments financed by partner funds (FMS). Counted in the U.S. fiscal year when the LOA, amendment or modification is implemented. This is not physical delivery, cash expenditure or Turkmenistan military expenditure. DSCA FY2024 report, published 1 July 2025: comparable retroactive FMS/FMF split for FY2020–FY2024. Explicit source zeros are retained. The −USD231 FMF observation in FY2022 is a downward case adjustment; do not round it away or label it a negative delivery. Earlier reports included BPC/FAA programmes and must not be spliced into this definition. FY2025–26 are not inferred.
Partner-funded implemented FMS cases · US fiscal years. Dots are explicit published zeros. Separate from FMF financing, physical deliveries and national budgets.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $0 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMS row: USD 0; U.S. FY2024 (2023-10-01–2024-09-30). |
| 2023 | $0 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMS row: USD 0; U.S. FY2023 (2022-10-01–2023-09-30). |
| 2022 | $0 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMS row: USD 0; U.S. FY2022 (2021-10-01–2022-09-30). |
| 2021 | $0 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMS row: USD 0; U.S. FY2021 (2020-10-01–2021-09-30). |
| 2020 | $0 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Sales Book FY2024 · Turkmenistan · printed page 17 · p. 19Notes and conversionOriginal FMS row: USD 0; U.S. FY2020 (2019-10-01–2020-09-30). |
Dollar allocation for training foreign military students and associated aids/materials, without reimbursement to the United States. The table also includes military-assistance service-funded training and emergency drawdowns. DSCA counts this programme fully delivered when funded; that accounting convention does not verify every course’s completion. DSCA Historical Facts Book, data as of 30 September 2017. U.S. fiscal years; original monetary table unit is USD thousands, divided by 1,000 for USD millions. Source dashes remain omitted; they are not converted into zero. Historical report definitions and vintage are retained separately from the FY2024 FMS/FMF split. Do not add financing, agreements and deliveries together.
USD · US fiscal years · 2017 report vintage. Financing, agreements, deliveries and training allocations are distinct measures. Source dashes remain missing; later report definitions are not spliced in.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | $21 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2017: 2016-10-01–2017-09-30. Original table: 21 USD thousand. |
| 2016 | $167 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2016: 2015-10-01–2016-09-30. Original table: 167 USD thousand. |
| 2015 | $140 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2015: 2014-10-01–2015-09-30. Original table: 140 USD thousand. |
| 2014 | $226 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2014: 2013-10-01–2014-09-30. Original table: 226 USD thousand. |
| 2013 | $278 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2013: 2012-10-01–2013-09-30. Original table: 278 USD thousand. |
| 2012 | $349 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2012: 2011-10-01–2012-09-30. Original table: 349 USD thousand. |
| 2011 | $288 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2011: 2010-10-01–2011-09-30. Original table: 288 USD thousand. |
| 2010 | $262 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 98 · p. 105Notes and conversionU.S. FY2010: 2009-10-01–2010-09-30. Original table: 262 USD thousand. |
Annual students trained in the DSCA IMET table, including military-assistance service-funded and emergency-drawdown training. Programme counts are not force strength and do not identify unique individuals across years. DSCA data as of 30 September 2017, U.S. fiscal years. These are annual training-table student counts, not unique people across all years or the size of the Turkmen armed forces. Source dashes are omitted; no zero is inferred. Do not merge different training programmes.
Programme-table students · US fiscal years · 2017 report vintage. Counts are not force strength or unique people across years. Source dashes remain missing.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 61 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 122 · p. 129Notes and conversionU.S. FY2016: 2015-10-01–2016-09-30. Original table: 61 students. |
| 2015 | 51 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 122 · p. 129Notes and conversionU.S. FY2015: 2014-10-01–2015-09-30. Original table: 51 students. |
| 2014 | 3 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 122 · p. 129Notes and conversionU.S. FY2014: 2013-10-01–2014-09-30. Original table: 3 students. |
| 2013 | 3 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 122 · p. 129Notes and conversionU.S. FY2013: 2012-10-01–2013-09-30. Original table: 3 students. |
| 2012 | 5 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 122 · p. 129Notes and conversionU.S. FY2012: 2011-10-01–2012-09-30. Original table: 5 students. |
| 2011 | 3 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 122 · p. 129Notes and conversionU.S. FY2011: 2010-10-01–2011-09-30. Original table: 3 students. |
| 2010 | 5 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 122 · p. 129Notes and conversionU.S. FY2010: 2009-10-01–2010-09-30. Original table: 5 students. |
Regional Defense Combating Terrorism Fellowship Program (CTFP) allocation for foreign military training and related materials without reimbursement to the United States. DSCA considers the programme delivered when funded. This is a specific training programme, not all U.S. assistance or Turkmen military spending. DSCA Historical Facts Book, data as of 30 September 2017. U.S. fiscal years; original monetary table unit is USD thousands, divided by 1,000 for USD millions. Source dashes remain omitted; they are not converted into zero. Historical report definitions and vintage are retained separately from the FY2024 FMS/FMF split. Do not add financing, agreements and deliveries together.
USD · US fiscal years · 2017 report vintage. Financing, agreements, deliveries and training allocations are distinct measures. Source dashes remain missing; later report definitions are not spliced in.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | $14 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 107 · p. 114Notes and conversionU.S. FY2017: 2016-10-01–2017-09-30. Original table: 14 USD thousand. |
| 2016 | $29 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 107 · p. 114Notes and conversionU.S. FY2016: 2015-10-01–2016-09-30. Original table: 29 USD thousand. |
| 2015 | $47 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 107 · p. 114Notes and conversionU.S. FY2015: 2014-10-01–2015-09-30. Original table: 47 USD thousand. |
| 2013 | $9 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 107 · p. 114Notes and conversionU.S. FY2013: 2012-10-01–2013-09-30. Original table: 9 USD thousand. |
| 2010 | $15 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 107 · p. 114Notes and conversionU.S. FY2010: 2009-10-01–2010-09-30. Original table: 15 USD thousand. |
Annual students trained under the Regional Defense Combating Terrorism Fellowship Program (CTFP), reported separately from IMET. Funding-year amounts and student counts can differ; no cost-per-student ratio is calculated. DSCA data as of 30 September 2017, U.S. fiscal years. These are annual training-table student counts, not unique people across all years or the size of the Turkmen armed forces. Source dashes are omitted; no zero is inferred. Do not merge different training programmes.
Programme-table students · US fiscal years · 2017 report vintage. Counts are not force strength or unique people across years. Source dashes remain missing.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 131 · p. 138Notes and conversionU.S. FY2017: 2016-10-01–2017-09-30. Original table: 2 students. |
| 2016 | 2 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 131 · p. 138Notes and conversionU.S. FY2016: 2015-10-01–2016-09-30. Original table: 2 students. |
| 2015 | 2 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 131 · p. 138Notes and conversionU.S. FY2015: 2014-10-01–2015-09-30. Original table: 2 students. |
| 2013 | 1 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 131 · p. 138Notes and conversionU.S. FY2013: 2012-10-01–2013-09-30. Original table: 1 students. |
| 2012 | 15 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 131 · p. 138Notes and conversionU.S. FY2012: 2011-10-01–2012-09-30. Original table: 15 students. |
| 2010 | 2 | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 131 · p. 138Notes and conversionU.S. FY2010: 2009-10-01–2010-09-30. Original table: 2 students. |
FMF credit/grant extended in the fiscal year for defence procurement; Turkmenistan’s entries are entirely payment-waived grants. These financing amounts may fund contracts in earlier, current or later years. They are not implemented-case values, delivery costs or Turkmen budget expenditure. DSCA Historical Facts Book, data as of 30 September 2017. U.S. fiscal years; original monetary table unit is USD thousands, divided by 1,000 for USD millions. Source dashes remain omitted; they are not converted into zero. Historical report definitions and vintage are retained separately from the FY2024 FMS/FMF split. Do not add financing, agreements and deliveries together.
USD · US fiscal years · 2017 report vintage. Financing, agreements, deliveries and training allocations are distinct measures. Source dashes remain missing; later report definitions are not spliced in.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $200 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 38 · p. 45Notes and conversionU.S. FY2016: 2015-10-01–2016-09-30. Original table: 200 USD thousand. |
| 2015 | $100 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 38 · p. 45Notes and conversionU.S. FY2015: 2014-10-01–2015-09-30. Original table: 100 USD thousand. |
| 2011 | $750 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 38 · p. 45Notes and conversionU.S. FY2011: 2010-10-01–2011-09-30. Original table: 750 USD thousand. |
| 2010 | $2 Mn | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 38 · p. 45Notes and conversionU.S. FY2010: 2009-10-01–2010-09-30. Original table: 2,000 USD thousand. |
Defence articles and services purchased through FMS with cash, credit or MAP merger funds. This is the 2017 report’s agreement measure, including its historical revisions; it is not the FY2024 partner-financed-only FMS measure or physical delivery. DSCA Historical Facts Book, data as of 30 September 2017. U.S. fiscal years; original monetary table unit is USD thousands, divided by 1,000 for USD millions. Source dashes remain omitted; they are not converted into zero. Historical report definitions and vintage are retained separately from the FY2024 FMS/FMF split. Do not add financing, agreements and deliveries together.
USD · US fiscal years · 2017 report vintage. Financing, agreements, deliveries and training allocations are distinct measures. Source dashes remain missing; later report definitions are not spliced in.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | $60 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 5 · p. 12Notes and conversionU.S. FY2017: 2016-10-01–2017-09-30. Original table: 60 USD thousand. |
| 2016 | $60 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 5 · p. 12Notes and conversionU.S. FY2016: 2015-10-01–2016-09-30. Original table: 60 USD thousand. |
DSCA’s historical value of defence articles and services delivered under FMS. The definition includes accrued expenditure and reporting after shipment or service performance. This is a dated U.S. supplier-side programme account, not Turkmenistan’s annual military expenditure. DSCA Historical Facts Book, data as of 30 September 2017. U.S. fiscal years; original monetary table unit is USD thousands, divided by 1,000 for USD millions. Source dashes remain omitted; they are not converted into zero. Historical report definitions and vintage are retained separately from the FY2024 FMS/FMF split. Do not add financing, agreements and deliveries together.
USD · US fiscal years · 2017 report vintage. Financing, agreements, deliveries and training allocations are distinct measures. Source dashes remain missing; later report definitions are not spliced in.
| Year | Value | Status and source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $21 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 19 · p. 26Notes and conversionU.S. FY2016: 2015-10-01–2016-09-30. Original table: 21 USD thousand. |
| 2010 | $27 K | Reported · DSCA · Historical Facts Book 2017 · Turkmenistan · printed page 19 · p. 26Notes and conversionU.S. FY2010: 2009-10-01–2010-09-30. Original table: 27 USD thousand. |
A Turkmen delegation led by Deputy Defence Minister Beymurat Soltanov met Azerbaijan’s chief of general staff during ADEX 2026.
The Azerbaijani Defence Ministry confirms the delegation and meeting. It does not announce a signed procurement contract, delivery or price.
The official report lists border capacity, cyber threats and customs control among the plan’s priorities.
Publication date is used; the report does not establish completion of the listed activities.
Twenty Defence Ministry officers joined OSCE training on military information exchange and verification under the Vienna Document.
The seminar ran on 2–5 September with expertise from Kazakhstan. Participation in training is recorded; it is not itself evidence of a completed international inspection or full compliance assessment.
Turkmen defence and security agencies joined an OSCE roundtable on regional cooperation, arms control and confidence-building measures.
Participants included the Defence Ministry, other security agencies and OSCE representatives. The record concerns a completed policy discussion, not a new treaty or independently verified arms-control implementation.
President Berdimuhamedov received Turkish Defence Minister Yaşar Güler; talks also took place with Turkmen defence officials.
The Foreign Ministry report dated 27 June describes the meetings of 26 June. Training and modern technologies were discussed. The report does not disclose a signed procurement contract, equipment quantity or price.
· Published
Belgium’s OSCE submission records a Belgian guest inspector joining a US team to Turkmenistan during 15–21 October 2023.
The plotted date is the end of the reported visit window, not an independently established single inspection day. The submission does not publish findings or certify overall force readiness.
· Published
Belgium’s OSCE submission records a Vienna Document inspection in Turkmenistan during 2–6 October 2023, with two Belgian participants.
The table explicitly describes inspections conducted during 2023. The plotted date is the end of its reporting window. Inspection findings and a general readiness assessment are not published.
· Published
Turkmen officers joined a six-country OSCE seminar in Astana on practical implementation of the Vienna Document.
The reported 27 officers are the total across six countries. Completion on 25 May is distinguished from the source publication on 26 May.
· Published
Turkmenistan reports talks with Montana’s National Guard leadership on disaster response, cyber security and engineering.
Date is the report date. The body describes cooperation talks, not a new alliance or completed equipment transfer.
The two defence ministries signed a defence-cooperation agreement during the Kazakh president’s state visit.
Kazakhstan’s presidency lists the agreement among signed documents. The announcement does not identify a procurement contract, equipment delivery or mutual-defence guarantee.
The Mejlis ratified the Caspian Sea legal-status convention signed in Aktau on 12 August 2018.
Kazakhstan’s presidency describes non-presence of armed forces from outside the five parties among its principles. This record dates Turkmen ratification; it does not establish convention-wide entry into force.
Nineteen Defence Ministry officials completed an OSCE roundtable on secure storage of small arms and ammunition.
Experts from four partner states shared experience. The same release separately describes a course for 25 defence specialists; the two counts are not combined into unique trainees.
Four representatives of the presidential administration and Defence Ministry completed an OSCE-supported UK study visit.
The five-day visit covered storage and destruction facilities, registration, rotation and incident response. It was organized with the UK Ministry of Defence’s Joint Arms Control Implementation Group and British embassy.
Six Turkmen Defence Ministry arms-control officers completed a two-week Vienna Document course organized with Germany and the OSCE.
Training included the German verification centre and a simulated inspection in Switzerland. Six is the course cohort, not a national inspectorate total.
The Turkmen president and NATO secretary general agreed to enhance practical cooperation under Partnership for Peace.
Their headquarters meeting also addressed Central Asian security and ISAF in Afghanistan. The notice reports dialogue and political support, without a new basing agreement or Turkmen troop commitment.
The UN General Assembly adopted resolution 50/80 A recognizing and supporting Turkmenistan’s declared permanent neutrality.
The UN voting record says adopted without a vote on 12 December 1995. The resolution calls on members to respect the status and territorial integrity; it is not a military alliance commitment.
· Published
Deputy Prime Minister Boris Shikmuradov signed NATO’s Partnership for Peace Framework Document at NATO headquarters.
NATO’s contemporaneous notice and signature table agree on 10 May 1994. Participation is a cooperation framework, without NATO membership or a collective-defence guarantee.
The Mejlis ratified a treaty with Russia on joint border protection and Russian border troops’ status.
Resolution No.928-XII identifies signature in Ashgabat on 23 December 1993. This records Turkmen ratification, not the effective date or the duration of subsequent Russian deployment.
The Mejlis ratified the Russia–Turkmenistan joint-measures treaty signed on 31 July 1992.
The text provided for forces based on former Soviet units, transitional joint command and agreed training. Ratification is separate from signature; entry into force depended on exchanging instruments, whose date is not established here.
Source review through 1 November 2026. Personnel estimates cover 1992–2020; SIPRI’s adopted-budget figures stop in 1999 and change scope with public-account classifications. No current defence-only budget is inferred from whole-state totals. US fiscal-year programmes, supplier export authorisations, declared transfers and public displays remain separate measures. Local shipyard work does not establish wholly domestic production.
This is a curated public-source reference, not a complete inventory. Each record identifies an event or publication date, implementation stage and evidence type; the detail explains which date is known. An official report establishes what the issuer said; a contract does not establish delivery, and delivery does not establish readiness. Unknown quantities remain unknown. Records count publications or developments, not weapons, personnel or military strength.